Bienenkorbglocke läutet zum ersten Mal
Bastian Asmus
Karolingische Bienenkorbglocke läutet
VIDEO
Zum ersten Mal seit dem die Glocke von Canino – die älteste erhaltene gegossene Kirchenglocke – verstummte konnten wir am Freitag, den 26.10.2018 den Klang einer solchen Bienenkorbglocke vernehmen.
Diese Rekonstruktion ist einzigartig,
denn diese Glocke ist nicht nur in der Rippe der Caninoglocke gegossen, wie das bereits seit einigen Jahrzehnten zu verschiedenen Anlässen und für wissenschaftlichen Untersuchungen erfolgt ist. Siehe hierzu de verschiedenen vorzüglichen Arbeiten des Kollegen Hans Drescher . Nein, diese Rekonstruktion bemüht sich um eine material- und herstellungsgerechte Rekonstruktion. Was meine ich mit einer herstellungsgerechten Rekonstruktion? Diese Frage ist einfach zu beantworten, auch wenn sie nicht leicht, oder es u.U. sogar unmöglich ist, dies auch umzusetzen:
Eine herstellungsgerechte Rekonstruktion bemüht sich darum den originalen Herstellungsprozess derartig zu rekonstruieren und umzusetzen, dass sich der resultierende Gegenstand neben Material, Form und Gestalt, auch in der Art und Weise seiner Herstellung nicht vom des Original unterscheidet.
Die Bienekorbglocke läutet im eigens daür gebauten Glockenturm auf dem Campus Galli. Turm, Joch und Glocke können nun für die kommenden Jahre auf ihre Tauglichkeit hin getestet werden.
Angewandte Archäometallurgie
Die angewandte Archäometallurgie befasst sich, wie der Name schon erahnen lässt mit der Anwendbarkeit archäologisch, geschichtlich und naturwissenschaftlich informierter Interpretationen. Ziel ist es, ganz im Sinne des Handwerks, eine in der Praxis anwendbare und für die jeweils untersuchte Epoche auch technologisch umsetzbare Prozesse zu rekonstruieren, die ein möglichst deckungsgleiches Ergebnis im Vergleich zum Originalfund und Befund zu liefern vermögen. Sie ist somit der experimentellen Archäologie wesensverwandt. Im Unterschied zu dieser formuliert sie zusätzlich den Wunsch nach Anwendbarkeit und Praxistauglichkeit im Sinne pragmatisch(er) agierender Handwerker. Denn neben dem reinen Funktionieren einer Methode haben sich diese auch um weitere Aspekte wie beispielsweise den Herstellungsaufwand, Rohmaterialverfügbarkeit, Rohmaterialbeschaffung, Lebensunterhalt und Absatz ihrer Produkte zu kümmern.
Die Campus Galli Glocke, der Turm und das Joch
Die Rekonstruktion der Glockenherstellung erfolgte über die letzten drei Jahre und wurde hier schon in zahlreichen Beiträgen beschrieben, z.B hier oder hier , oder hier. Neben einer Fachpublikation führten die Experimente auch zu einer Rekonstruktion für die Romanische Bartholomäuskapelle in Paderborn, die im August 2019 dort aufgehängt werden wird.
Für die Rekonstruktion wurde von den Handwerkern des Campus Galli ein Glockenturm und ein Joch entworfen, welche nun in den nächsten Jahren auf ihre Praxistauglichkeit hin getestet werden können. Die Quellenlage für Joche von frühen Bienenkorbglocke ist sehr dünn: Einzig ein Joch der Haithabuglocke ist erhalten . Daneben existiert die Beschreibung von Theophilus Presbyter, die aufgrund ihres interpretationsbedürftigen Charakters, noch immer auch eine praktische Umsetzung wartet.
Am Nachmittag des 26.10.2018 ist es dann soweit: Die Bienenkorbglocke läutet zum ersten Mal, und entschädigt mit ihrem Klang aus der Karolingerzeit für so manche Fehlversuch in den vergangenen drei Jahren.
Literatur
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