Film: Ein Zapfhahn aus dem 15. Jahrhundert
Bastian Asmus
Rekonstruktion: Zapfhahn des frühen 15. Jahrhunderts. Fundort ist Zürich, Schweiz.
Vor längerem habe ich einen Zapfhahn für einen Re-enactment Brauer hergestellt. Ich konnte bereits Erfahrung mit der Herstellung von Zapfhahnen sammeln, als ich meine Aquamanilen machte. Deshalb entschloss ich mich dazu den Herstellungsprozess dokumentarisch zu begleiten. Mittelalterliche Zapfhahne haben oft einen stilisierten Hahn als Griff am Küken. Ab dem ausgehenden Mittelalter stellte der Zapfenmacher die Zapfhahne oder Zapfen her. Eines der Zentren war Nürnberg. Aus den Mendel’schen und Landauer’schen Hausbüchern der Zwölfbrüderstiftungen kennen wir zahlreiche Abbildungen dieser Objekte und ihrer Herstellung. Interessant ist, dass der Prozessschritt zur Herstellung der Zapfhahne immer nur die Nacharbeit, nie aber das Formen zeigt. Immerhin gibt die Abbildung des Rotschmieds von Jost Amann in Hans Sachs Eygentlicher Beschreibung aller Stände auf Erden einen Hinweis auf den Formstoff.
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Im Hintergrund sind Lehmklumpen zu erkennen, die als Rohstoff für das Formmaterial gedient haben dürften. Noch einmal etwas später. im 17. Jahrhundert stellt Christoph Weigel den Zapfenmacher dar . Hier hatte sich also innerhalb eines Jahrhunderts eine starke Spezialisierung entwickelt.
Kurz-Doku: Zapfhahn, Geschichte und Herstellung
In den Filmen geht es nicht um ein strenges archäologisches Experiment. Vielmehr geht es darum einige Hypothesen zur Herstellungstechnik zu überprüfen. In erster Linie waren dies:
Kann man ein genau passendes Wachsmodell Zapfhahn und Küken herstellen
kann man dieses so gießen, dass wenig Nacharbeit anfällt,
lässt sich das Einschleifen des Kükens in den Zapfhahn manuell meistern?
Viel Spaß beim Schauen. Wie immer freue ich mich über Kritik, Fragen oder Anregungen
Im ersten Teil geht es um die Geschichte des Zapfhahns, sowie die Herstellung des Wachsmodells.
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Im zweiten Teil geht es um das Einformen des Wachsmodells, das Gießen des Zapfhahns und das erste Putzen nach dem Guss.
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Im dritten Teil geht es darum den gegossenen Zapfhahn fertig zu stellen. Das heißt es muss geschruppt, gefeilt, gebohrt und geschliffen werden. Besonders spannend war das Einschleifen des Kükens in das Nest des Hahns. Tatsächlich lassen sich mit einfachsten Mitteln absolut dichte Zapfhahne herstellen.
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Literatur
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